The Most Beautiful Duck in North America
Pintails mingle with white-fronted geese at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge. All photos by author.
Ask any waterfowl enthusiast to name the most beautiful duck in North America, and he or she will most likely point to the brilliant, multicolored, drake wood duck (Aix sponsa). Others might claim that the iridescent green head of a drake mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is hard to beat. For me, the graceful pose of a drake pintail (Anas acuta), with its long, slender neck and chocolate-brown head, places this species at the top of the list.
The drake mallard, with its iridescent green head.
I’ve been fascinated with waterfowl since I was a boy growing up in Orland, California. Our home was located directly in line with the migration route of thousands of waterfowl heading south to the Willows rice fields. Most of the birds traveled by night, but during warm November storms, when the powerful south wind whistled up the valley, ducks and geese flew throughout the day. Pushed back and forth, up and down, and side to side by the unrelenting wind, flock after flock passed overhead, sometimes just above the treetops. This seasonal phenomenon was quite a sight to see. It also provided me with a golden opportunity to hone my identification skills.
Pintails in flight at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge.
Most of the geese that passed overhead during the 1960s were snows (lesser snow geese, Chen caerulescens caerulescens), specks (white-fronted geese, Anser albifrons), and cacklers (cackling geese, Branta hutchinsii). Only rarely would a flock of honkers (western Canada geese, Branta canadensis moffitti) appear.
Pintail drakes in a sea of hens at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge.
Ducks flying over the house were a mixed bag of mallards, wigeons (Anas americana), green-winged teal (Anas carolinensis), gadwalls (Anas strepera), pintails, and occasional divers. Some were tricky to positively identify, but there was no mistaking the sleek silhouette of the drake pintail, with its pencil-thin neck, white underbelly, and long, black tail. During the late fifties and early sixties, the pintail was one of the most predominant species of wild ducks in the Pacific Flyway.
As a boy growing up in Orland, I would often hear the snow geese pass over our house in the fall as they made their way south.
What is it about pintails that piques my interest and fascinates this waterfowl aficionado so? The simple elegance of the bull sprig makes it stand out in a crowd. The distinct markings and delicate lines of the hen pintail are just as impressive—almost as impressive as the extreme measures she will take to protect her young. Call it instinct or call it courage—no other duck is more fearless in the face of danger.
Hen pintails at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge. Though not quite as colorful as their male counterparts, they are just as elegant.
Pintails are one of the first ducks to migrate north in the spring and one of the first to head south in the fall. As a Fish and Game warden patrolling the Colorado River during the 1970s, I counted on seeing flocks of pintails heading south into Mexico by early September. It wasn’t without awe that I watched them bolt from the sky with the precision of guided missiles, set their wings at the last second, and land on a sandbar in the middle of the river. The next day, they’d be gone.
Pintails on the alert at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge.
Sadly, pintail numbers have fallen dramatically since the 1960s. Based on U.S. Fish and Wildlife estimates of North America’s 2016 waterfowl breeding populations, their numbers are still 34% below the long-term average of four million birds. Drought and the continued loss of critical grassland nesting habitat are, in large part, responsible for the decline of this web-footed wonder.
Just last week, Kathy and I ventured out to the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge for our annual fall pilgrimage. “Every pintail in the Pacific Flyway must be right here in this corner of the refuge,” I told Kathy. “What a sight!” The next day I contacted the refuge and learned that 238,000 pintails were counted during the most recent survey. It did my heart good to know that awe-inspiring sights like this are still possible. Thanks to state and federal wildlife agencies, our national wildlife refuge system, and conservation groups like Ducks Unlimited, efforts are being made to conserve nesting habitat, provide winter habitat, and return species like the northern pintail to the numbers they enjoyed long ago.
A small sampling of the 238,000 pintails, resting at the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge on our special day.
If you’d like to see the huge congregations of pintails and other early migrants for yourself, the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge is a good bet. Its auto tour is open an hour before sunrise to an hour after sunset. Be sure to bring your binoculars and your camera.
This piece originally appeared as my November 4, 2016 “On Patrol” column in MyOutdoorBuddy.com. It has been modified for posting on this blog.
